At this time I would like to turn today's call over to miss Jocelyn Bauer. Welcome to the Web Conference on Road Weather Management. I will be giving a brief introduction to the environment before turning the session over to Paul Pisano who we are happy to have as our moderator. Please be advised this is being recorded. The 60 minutes is allocated for presenters and the final 30 minutes will be allocated for question and answer. As many may notice things look at the different. This is our first seminar using our first Web conferencing software. The chat box is on the left side of the screen under the attendee list. If you think of a question you can type it into the small text box underneath the area on the left side of your screen and indicate to your question is directed toward, unless your question is intended for all presenters. Please make sure you are typing in the thin text box and not the large white area. Please also make sure that you send your question to everyone rather than just the presenters. Presenters will be unable to answer questions during the presentations, but Paul will use some of the questions type into the top box for the question and answer session for the last 30 minutes. I would like to remind you that this session is being recorded. A file containing audio and visual portion of this seminar will be posted to the National Transportation Operations coalition website within the next week. I will type that address into the chat box shortly. We in church -- encourage you to allow others to access this recording who could not attend. This will be available within the next week. Attendees will be notified of the availability of the power point through recording and closed captioning. At this time of like to introduce Paul Pisano. Mr.Pisano is the team leader for the road whether management team and the Federal Highway Administration Office of operations. He has worked in several offices at federal highway over the past 20 years serving as team leader for the Traffic Safety Research team before moving to the Office of operations. In his current capacity he is responsible for the program that addresses the effects of weather on all aspects of the highway system including winter maintenance, traffic management and traveler information. Paul's education is civil engineering bachelor's and master's degree from the University of Maryland. That will turn things over to Paul who would give a brief introduction. Thank you. Good afternoon our good morning to everybody you are. Welcome to the talking operations will cast on roads whether management. As Jocelyn said, my name is Paul Pisano and I would like to [ indiscernible ] and you again to the seminar. In looking at the list of attendance. So to those of you are just coming in, welcome and to we hope you find all of this session to be worthwhile and of interest. We have three speakers on today to talk about road weather management. And before we get into the presentations I want to provide an overview of road whether management from the perspective of the Federal Highway Administration and the road rather highway program. First of all this to set the stage of what we consider success to be and what we think success looks like within the program and within all of our stakeholders we see success has been an improvement in mobility and safety by alleviating the effects of weather on the surface transportation system. Our grand goal, I think, but something that I think is totally at table. Another way we look at this is our tagline is to say the roadway to management is about anytime anywhere road and weather information and that means that no matter who you are as a transportation user or operator you should be able to get timely, accurate and relevant information about the weather and how it will affect the surface transportation system so that you can make a more informed decision which would save time, lives or money. The program itself was started -- formerly started in about 1999 when the Office of operations was forms. There certainly was a lot more work that happened prior to that, but this is when it became a target area within operations. Then things changed somewhat, significantly in some levels and not so different and others when SAFETELUE was passed. There is a section 5308 where Congress directed the departments to establish a broad whether R and D program. The heart of the program is to follow the National Research council's reports, where the weather it meets the road and to promote technology and to promote R and D. Congress also directed us to take a multi disciplinary approach by working with folks at the National oceanic and atmospheric association which is [ indiscernible ]. The private sector and nonprofit organizations. And we are also authorized a funding level of $5 million per year for the four years remaining in the bill although our appropriations are never quite that high. We use this as a guide. This is significant on the level that Congress specifically spelled out a road whether R&D program. What was not as significant was it is not something new within the federal highway and we were well on our way to this work. But this did give us a much more clear goal as set out. So what we have within the program is our four objectives to help us achieve the goals and targets that Congress spelled out, these been stakeholder coordination, applied research, technology transfer, training and education and performance management and evaluation. I just have four would slides about each of them. For the purpose of setting context, again of work we are doing within the program. The first, [ indiscernible ], is about in summary building a bridge between surface transportation and [ indiscernible ] and recognizing their knees on both sides that can be met if we both understood each of his environment. There is a lot of work going on, both within building the bridge between transportation and other weather and public and private sector recognizing that we need to work together to make anytime anywhere abroad weather information a reality. The second objective, applied research is where the bulk of our time and money is going. And this is to build integrated solutions bring in advanced weather prediction into the transportation environment and intelligent transportation systems. Some of the activity going on within this objective includes the Clarus initiative which is all about building better right initiation systems and support tools such as the main this support system and whether responsive traffic or transportation management, and these are the three speakers you will be hearing from today speaking about each of these areas. The third area, technology transfer training and education is to advance the state of the practice by raising roadway management committees. It is one thing to develop a solution and another to deploy it and make it available. So this work is going towards help it promote deployment. Then the fourth is to look at all of this from Performance Management perspective. How well are be achieving our goals and doing what it is we set out to do. So we are working to identify measures and working with the ITS program to do other departments studies. That is the overview of the program. There is a lot going on, and I think a lot of good work that we are engaged in with the community, with those of you on the phone now and others. Now, I would like to go ahead and move into our targeted presentation. The first one which is going to be about Clarus. Before I introduce our first speaker, Ralph Patterson, I would like to give a little bit of an overview about the Clarus initiative before Ralph speaks. Okay. This slide is one that says a number of Environmental Center stations that have been deployed by State Department of Transportation's across the country. If we start with this and work that right now there is a huge investments by the state DOT to monitor the conditions of weather and roadway along the nation's highway. If we see that this is an incredible resource and something that we think can be capitalized on, I guess to put it one way. Again, millions of dollars spent by the state to monitor. We are now looking at how to work with the states to make the most of those investments. So what we see as a critical step in achieving that objective is to assimilate the data and make the data available to the public and private sector community who could utilize that information and utilize those observations to provide better road weather information. That is the heart of the Clarus initiative which is one of the 9 ITS initiatives that were started about a little over two years ago, and what Clarus is about, it is an effort to create a robust data assimilation quality checking and data dissemination system. Ultimately we see this as a source of observation that can then be used by the private sector and public sector to turn it into a value added road weather information. The Clarus -- well, let's leave it at that. Again, that is serving as a basis for any time anywhere road weather information. So the focus right now within the Clarus initiative is to build a system that does that quality checking and assimilation of the information. The objectives are to do that system design, develop the system as designs, work with the public and private partners to develop and evaluate these products that the Clarus system enabled and then establish partnerships to move from a demonstration to deployment on a nationwide network. So just really quickly, the status of the initiative is that we have gone through working with the stakeholders, with you all, we have developed a concept of operation. We then had a contract with Nixon Hill to design and build the system. We have gone through a concept and are moving into regional demonstrations which I will talk about in a minute. At the end of up Ralph's presentation. So with that, let me stop and turn it over to Ralph Patterson who is going to be speaking about the Clarus initiative from the perspective of the state DOT and in particular Utah being one of the states that participated in the proof of concept of the Clarus system. Ralph originally originally started as an avalanche forecaster for the highway have Safety program. In 99 Ralph began working for a private consulting firm as the leading neurologists providing site specific forecasts for areas of DOT across the Midwest. During 2002 so late in the pits he initiated the on-site meros program in the traffic operations center was also the lead to his return to Utah DOT as the weather operations manager. Presently his responsibilities include overseeing a staff of four on-site meteorologist located in the center as well as managing the road whether management system. Currently Ralph is on the AURORA board which is a research consortium and sets on the joint research society and intelligence Society of America Committee on surface transportation weather. Ralph holds a bachelor of Science degree in meteorology from the University of Utah. With that I would like to turn it over to Ralph. All right, thanks, Paul. Thanks, everybody. My name is Ralph Patterson I am the WRIS-ESS manager for transportation in Utah. Today we are going to discuss a the a bit about the relationship with Utah and the Clarus program. If I can move this -- there we go. I will talk a the a bit about what Paul mentioned, the proof of concept state and a little bit about my weather operations program here in the Traffic Operations Center. UDOT WRIS-ESS program and the challenges of managing the data as well as quality checking and talk a little bit about the user interface and what we use and what we like to see and then involvement and how we can all help each other out here in the long run. Or maybe even the short run. We will start off with the proof of concept state. As you see, Alaska, Minnesota and Utah were recruited to take place in this proof of concept for the Clarus system. We are all members of what is the AURORA group. To just talk briefly it is pool funded research group and it has 13 states, two Canadian provinces and the Swiss highway authority. The AURORA group has invested time and interest in the whole Clarus initiative which we will talk a little bit about right now. Let's jump into the weather operations program for UDOT. We are a bit unique in the DOT across the state and that we actually have a staff meteorologist, myself, who oversees and manages four Consulting meteorologist here in the Traffic Operations center. And the whole deal behind this is that UDOT is very committed to increase, not just the whole operations [ indiscernible ] of the weather salience across the operations group as well. Everything we do is effected by weather. The other aspects of the operations group is the WRIS-ESS systems. We have some more about 60 sites across the state, and they are a very integral component of what we do in the operations center. Utah has invested significant resources throughout the years starting in the late 80's in WRIS department and certainly in maintaining these systems. So we definitely have a vested interest in how our instrumentation is calibrated and help our operations folks are actually using it. One of the -- just recently we have had a study by WTI, Western Transportation Institute, that concluded that we saved the state, just on the winter maintenance parts alone and only a small portion of that about $2.2 million annually. So we see the cost benefit of having a strong weather operations group and the T-9 component as a very significant factor for our operations. I want to talk some about what our current WRIS practice actually is. As you see on this slide, we have multiple systems. So we have four different vendors that support our WRIS program, and that adds a bit of complexity to the collection and dissemination. It is not totally unruly but it adds another level. And certainly with our partners, you see I listed the National Weather Service, Department of Energy, Department of Agriculture of Utah, electrical forecasts center and some of the county EOC. Now we don't share the weather forecast, but what we share here are the instrumentation. In some instances we let them put instrumentation on our right away and we share the data. In other instances we actually share the actual instrumentation itself. So when we start looking at all of our partners and multiple vendors it does get a little bit complex and we really need to blow up everything in. So with that data collection, I did a little cartoon. I depicted with four vendors we have for collection servers and also at our rack in the back room we have our server and site and then a Web server. So as you can see, it does get sort of complex, but again, it is not -- we can definitely manage. It's just gets a little bit interesting as we get into different software and the testing of programs. Again, you can see here the different colors art depicting the different teams that come out of our systems. I wish it was as easy as changing the font color, but unfortunately the disparate datasets have all sorts of challenges embedded in that. For one we had different units, varying polling times and each day scheme is really different according to different vendors. So we take all of these systems and we try to put them into one graphic user interface. So as we get into the nuts and bolts of the data collection, we really found out that there is a huge need for quality control or in this case quality checking. As you can see, the picture on the right-hand side of the screen, this is an example of what the University of Utah is doing right now, very similar to what the Clarus program and Nixon Hill are putting together. So we need to have a quality checking for a few different user groups. If we are looking at things in real time, and now cast it is nice to know if your real observations right now are suspect. In our group that is not the main focus because we have our meteorologist who can look at our data and right away be able to tell if we have a straight line data or something like that that we know is not good. But if we get this data out into the field, field users or pile drivers or engineers, they may not have that experience to say, that is it bad data right away. So we must have some kind of caution flag. As we look into archiving the date of which we do, assuming that everybody is not there going there to archive the data for private use, certainly for forensic use when you are talking about risk management. And it is very difficult to go back to your archived data set and say, that is bad data. That is bad data. You have to identify that and look to all sorts of other datasets so it is nice if we have that caution or suspect flag. And also in checking out the health of the system, if you are talking about asset management tier one of the things that Nixon Hill was doing, identifying which site -- which instruments on which sides were having issues. So if I know I am having a systematic issue with my ability humidity sensors or whenever it be, I can look at a glance and be able to search the system for that. That is very important, especially when you are -- looking at a large state and it takes five hours to get from point A to point B. As we put all of our information on our 511 system and our community web page we certainly need to have -- we cannot give bad data to the public. That would open a huge Pandora's box. So we really need to have a need for quality checking and a filtration that keeps bad data from going out, I think we are in dire need of that. So now as we looked into the meta data aspect, for those of you who are not familiar with the term, meta data is just a term that describes your weather stations or your WRIS systems. The cartoon on the right is an example of how we collect our meta data here in Utah. This is one portion of the data we collect. And typically we have a location, is right types whether they are the atmospheric or the surface, what kind of communication we have and power to the system. And other characteristics, is it in a bog , on top of a hill, in an urban or rural setting. Pictures, pictures are worth a thousand words. You really need to have a good picture. I see one small picture there, but we also to 360-degree shots. We take pictures of our shots, sort of a talking documentary of what is [ indiscernible ], topographical features are on any given site. Then your it did this scheme which I went through earlier, you believe need to know what it means when your data comes out in tabular format or common delineated. He must know when all those -- what all those units are. So when you have simply disseminate that to your users they need to know what they are or how to change them. A lot of our information comes in Celsius which must be case to Fahrenheit. We have a wide variety of users. Some of our guys like to know, they talk about incentives of snow in degrees Fahrenheit. So it gets a bit complicated and not all users want the same unit. So once we get the data and and once we get a knowledge of the instrumentation and quality checking going on now we are talking about the really not simple. What do the users look for and what did they see. So here are three snapshots or screen shots of what supports our WRIS system. So definitely we have different vendors and varying resources. What I mean by that is, some of our field folks on very low bandwidth. So they may not be able to take a look at some heavy-duty graphics. They just may want tabular. If you are out in the field and trying to get this on your blackberry, we have all sorts of different types of resources out there that our users are trying to utilize. And then with the varying polling times, we may see some of hours ago at the 10 minutes, at 15, some at 20 and some are on the hour. So it makes it a little more complicated, and this is some of the things that we really need to work on if we are going to have a usable system for the operations folks out there. So let me get you really into the developing user interface. This picture right here is something that the University of Utah does for us, and it has a combination of tabular and graphical. And you can click on the left-hand side and get the picture. We are trying to put cameras on all of our WRIS sites. And then it does have some that the data. It does not have all of the data that I support here. I'm not sure I want to give out phone numbers to the size or IP addresses to the size or things like that, but I can certainly give out pertinent information to anyone who wants to use the system they need to know the downfalls of a particular setting. There is no bad data. Some is just more useful than others and in other to -- in order to make useful you must know what the limitations are on any given WRIS site location. So with the AURORA group we are working on a couple of different research process -- project. One that involves the research system. It is a web application. The other one, we will be looking at developing a new web interface to visualize the Clarus system output and then we have one more research projects that is just a general broad scoping support of the Clarus system because we see this being a very valuable -- this type of system as very valuable to operations. Most everybody out there has WRIS sites, but if the people that need to look at it cannot see it, well then it is just a pain in the neck because we are maintaining them for no reason. The private sector is huge on this aspect because I think those are the folks who will be able to spend some energy and time and hopefully will have some market for the private sector to develop better graphic user interface. I am encouraging everybody out there to sort of do this also on a regional basis. You know, why I suggest that is really, weather has no boundaries. Weather doesn't know [ indiscernible ] is the city between Nevada and Utah. It does not care. It just comes. So it would be a good thing at least for my neck of the ways in the yen and West by to see what is going on in the road system in Idaho and Oregon and California and Nevada and it is coming my way. I have a better idea of what the storm is doing right now so I can give better information to my pile drivers and into engineers. So I will lead this into getting us involved. There are quite a few states DOT on line I am assuming. This is a good start if you have not already gotten involved in trying to partner up or sort of set the stage for the industry. We need to -- as state DOT we must let the private industry know what we need, something like the Clarus system and these sorts of talks are a good way to do that. Certainly the AURORA group, I encourage you all to come on in. We meet a few times a year and have a few telephone calls on top of that and discuss our state individual needs and come up with our research programs for that. So whether you're a state DOT or private sector, the Clarus workshops that Paul and his workshops put on, that is a great place to go and voice your opinion and network in between, not just the state DOT or Canadian provinces or private-sector. So it is a good place for everyone to get together, but we need to voice what you folks need out there because UDOT needs are specific and the other DOT needs are specific that nobody else shares or maybe we could get ideas. So regional partner in, I believe would like to do a little more of this. We to read the with our surrounding states but I want to do more on a formal aspect because again, like I say, weather has no boundaries. I think it would be good to know what is coming down the pike in to us and we can share what is going into Colorado. I think it is just a good thing over all. So with that, this is some contact information for myself. If you would like to give me a shot or sent me an e-mail or just to see what we do or tell us we are doing is wrong, that is okay. And again, the AURORA group, if you want to look into it, here is the web page for the AURORA group. And I believe that is about all I have planned for today. So I think I will turn it back over to you, Paul. Thanks, Ralph. I noticed a couple of questions have come up and a couple have been answered. All of those will be addressed at the end of this session after we hear from our speakers. But I think we just got a pretty great picture of what is happening in Utah with regards to WRIS. I think they raised the bar in terms of what a state can do, and a lot of what we are doing with respect to Clarus and this whole idea of assimilating quality and making available can be traced back to things Ralph has done. The whole point then is to say, how do we take what is happening here and carry that across the country so that the people who need the information, whether you are in Utah or Nevada or Massachusetts can get to the information in an easy-to-use format and understandable had to know that what you are seeing is good. So this is from a key state as far as where we can be going and what we can do, and it comes back to the point that Ralph made earlier, a recent study they conducted shows that it pays off. The funds they are putting out to build the system and utilize the system pays off more than the cost themselves. Another point Ralph talked about was meta data which was something we learned to the Clarus system is really critical to make use of meta data, and we can look to build upon collecting that what the data and feeding it into the system. And as Ralph mentioned and I talked about earlier we did a proof of concept of the Clarus system which does the assimilation, quality checking and dissemination and we work with Minnesota, Utah and Alaska to prove that we could do this with more than just one state's data. What we are doing now with respect to the Clarus initiative is to move from the proof of concept and doing the processing that I spoke of into regional demonstration. And the objective of our regional [ indiscernible ] is to show that the Clarus system works as designed and that we can take multiple states to contribute the data into the Clarus system and that it can support a proactive transportation system management so that public agencies can better manage their system whether that is for winter maintenance, traffic management, emergency management, travel information, any type of Service that the state provides that they can do more effectively when using the data that comes through Clarus. And we also want to see improved private-sector services for weather information, type of information that the private-sector may be able to provide to individual drivers. So we have laid out three main steps, to our regional demonstrations. The first was a request for application that we issued back in September. We were looking for applications for groups of states and/or provinces to develop concepts of operations that to find a common set of business to government services. These are the proactive management strategies I was talking about. In addition, to this request for application, we will be issuing a request for expressions of interest which is an opportunity for states that are not participating in the -- through the RFA awards to also provide data into Clarus and use the data. The third part of the request for proposals that will go out to the private sector to build one or more of the concepts of operation that come out of the request for application. I really really wish that at this time I could tell you who the awardees -- award recipients are for the request for applications. I honestly thought it would be done now, but the wheels of progress turn slowly in federal government and we are in the process of making those awards. So I cannot say anything else about them at this time. If any of you have been to our Clarus workshops talk about, you have seen this side before. This is our way of making the point that the Clarus system is all about working with the observation, but it is the other limited possibilities that fall out of that that we see as the real benefit of Clarus. And that is the opportunities to provide better road weather information through any number of decision support systems and other means of information dissemination. One item, let me see if this works. I was trying to highlight the point. There we go. Yes, all right. It works. What we are going to hear about now is the transition to our next speaker, one of the enhance decision making tools that will ultimately benefit from Clarus, but has actually been developed independent of the Clarus initiative which is the maintenance decision support system. The maintenance decision support system is winter maintenance system that combines advanced weather conditions with condition predictions and the rules of practice to generate treatment recommendations on a route by route basis. It is something that we have been working on for a number of years, again, with the community, that is a national labs, state DOTs and the private sector to develop a prototype and move into a real world to prove it. If you are not going to be hearing about [ indiscernible ] in the city And County of Denver by Mr. Pat Kennedy. Pat is pavement Management engineer for the city And County of Denver. He is licensed [ indiscernible ]. He graduated from the university of Colorado Denver campus in '82 and has been employed by the city of Denver since 1992 and has risen to project manager. Since 2004 he has been a senior member of Denver Public works. So with that will turn it over to Pat to talk about the use by the city And County of Denver. Good morning or good afternoon to everybody, depending upon the Times on you are in right now. The whole background information to start with, Denver is a town of 550,000 people. It is a bout -- Metropolitan region of about 2,000 people. The staff of Public Works Eighteen's a staff of about 1900 centerline miles of road. About [ indiscernible ] and these are the primary streets that we plowed during winter storm events. The geography in Denver makes weather forecasting a tricky business. Exact position of a low pressure systems and regional to party can dramatically affect any given storm. Storms will produce low or moderate events or what is locally called an up slope and result in dramatic snowfall. Even though we are only 150 square miles or so, heavy snow or blizzard conditions can effect one quadrant of the city while the other experienced flurries. Missing the start in time of a storm can result in a miserable rush hour or cost citizens extra money by extending overtime cost if crews were not needed. Whether or not we need to treat roadways is a critical component to our snow response strategies. We typically experienced 15 or 18 in a winter. If the weather in March is the snowiest months and those can be the most difficult to plan a response for. Daytime temperatures are typically well above freezing, and so the pavements are warm during the day and cool at night. What -- weather fronts can address rapidly and planning the proper response can be a challenge. Events can start as rain or even if they started as hail, pavement centers can aid in the prevention of icing. By the same token if it is cloudy or cold wind comes and before a fad or the cold rain is at night we could have payments that lead to rapid icing. Partial deployment of smaller crews to monitor conditions of critical arteries and elevated structures were standby status for we don't call in the cruise but want them available if conditions deteriorate away from what conditions are. There is a considerable budgetary difference between stand by and full deployment which I will illustrate a little later. We were involved in both the Clarus initiative and [ indiscernible ] in the second meeting in 2005. The information we obtained made us realize MDSS can be an important role in our snow response and planning implementation. We sought timely and accurate forecasts coupled with a response as a valuable tool for our operations. We worked with our staff at the National [ indiscernible ] compound in Boulder and their system is now a private weather predicted that no response to will used in our winter operations. The system is a web based interface system that we access and provides us with a wide range of road and weather information data. There are several models within the MDSS system that Denver uses for our snow response. Weather forecasting, roadway conditions, MDSS treatment recommendations and to treatment selector. In the weather forecasting MDSS provides a 48 hour window and it is updated every 48 hours. These updates can be delayed which gives us the ability to check on trends and accuracy of these updates. The way that MDSS works -- and I saw on the attendee list there are some of the people here. So I'm sure they will let me know if I get this wrong, but they work with a set of approximately 10 different predictive methodologies, and they are which is differently and they bring those together to come up with a particle physics. You have the grain unification material and the grain unification weather prediction. These predictions provide anticipated start times, duration, intensity, precipitation and other relevant meteorological information which could be presented graphically or in tabular form, but the graphs are real easy to read and to provide us with a lot of critical information we need for our strategies. , real time data is also available, and it can be wind speeds, air temperatures, pavement's temperatures, humanities, there is a wealth of data that is available to pop up for individual locations. And the map on the screen right now, it shows the city of Denver, but it also shows information from many sources other than Denver. We have before 70 authority. They have their WRIS station, CDOT. There is multiple sources of information for their production. For roadway conditions this is coupled with the weather predictions and the data related to the effects the weather will have. It lets us know what is occurring at what can occur on the roadway system come on the roadway services. Denver has provided us with our typical sections and they use these in their models for predicting what the future holds for preparing for any event. The critical information that be used in our deployment strategies are the composition of the road in any expected snow accumulation. With these, there are true and recommendations that come from the MDSS system, and those are available to our field crews. Currently the city has a few products on our roadway, won the cord and one dry periods these are Apex and ammonium chloride as our liquid deicer and dry ice [ indiscernible ] out of mines in Utah. Each has their own unique pluses and minuses, but probably the big drawback to the dry material is the added particulates that contributes to the Denver brown cloud. The thought also provides the ability index that can provide the ability of streets and moisture of road based on recommended [ indiscernible ], the treatment and selected strategies. The next module this treatment selector. We also want to see what that effect may have on the condition of our street. There might be a lot of reasons why we need to do this. Material availability, that was critical over the past winter months when we ran through one year's worth of material and a two week period. If the [ indiscernible ] all the facts of material is the clouds, the speed of travel around the network, that is happening during rush hour. We also want to look at using the wealth of information that our field supervisors have. These guys have been out working spell response for multiple years and they know what works right in their own district. These city is broken into five districts and each one has their own unique characteristics during snowstorms. And the field supervisors, they know what works best. So having the ability to pick treatments that are other than what MDSS has selected let's us see if what we are doing is right or if there is a better way to do it or it gives us kind of a cross check between the two different -- between MDSS and our own crews experience is. We have also been in discussions with the University and through the stake holders group about other possibilities for MDSS system. We see this as snow response as a valuable system, but what other uses whether events in the summer and how that could affect scheduling and deployment of maintenance. Denver experience frequent thunderstorms, Jan through a September. Normal activities are adversely affected by rain and temperature fluctuations. Additionally they work with other agencies should storm passed increase in intensity. Accurate prediction for these small localized U.S. can give us the opportunity to plan the best more effectively. We are in the process of adding roadway sensors. Next week we are going to start putting them in the ground and this data will be provided for a corporation in MDSS as well. The data can be traffic through existing fiber-optic cables used for traffic signal operations and our camera -- traffic jams. Organizing this through the local CFCs will be touched on by Roemer in the next Speech, but this will be used to not have the added expenses of wireless and cellphone usage in the streams. MDSS has proven to be valuable addition in our for snow response. We have found that weather conditions are highly accurate and road prediction is an portent part of our deployment. Department for a 12 hour shift on a weekend costs about 1500's dollars or the cost of a hour shift. In more if it is on a weekend. So accurate weather predictions that out last to delay our crews for one shift, if we do that over the cost over one winter it covers the annual cost to the system. Also, end earlier deployment, if it shows we need to get out earlier than we can check before it clobbers up our rush hour. So the level of service is higher and there is no dollar value or it is hard to come up with a dollar value, but certainly the lost time and safety conditions, being able to improve both of those is a great benefit to the citizens. And with that, that pretty well concludes how we work and the city of Denver. My contact information is there. And I will turn it back over to Paul. All right. Great. Thanks. That is a good presentation as well showing firsthand experiences using MDSS. Just to talk a the a bit more about the Federal Highway perspective and report on status of the overall initiative, we will be releasing version 5. 0 of the prototype software later this year with some enhances to software based upon experiences such as those that Pat has had. We are in the process of conducting to cost-benefit analyses. One is based out of South Dakota and the pooled funds that is deploying MDSS. And WTI is leading that in the ship. We also have a study taking place up in Maine in DOT that is utilizing a logic version of MDSS which is being conducted. So we are looking forward to those being done this year because we know that we need the hard benefit costs they sit to help us make the case to management when it comes time to get the state to make investments. And some of the points that Pat was making also are very useful data points for us. We have a number of activities also in promoting the deployment. Ray Murphy, Federal Highway Administration Resource Center is conducting MDSS Road shows. The technology implementation group recognized MDSS as their lead solution to promote over this past year and they are working on a power point video. And we also have plans to develop other resources for deployment that we hope to produce over the next year or so. The other big thing we are finding is that as the states are using it, they are saying, this is great. Pat was a perfect example. We also have thunderstorms in the summer we have to deal with from the maintenance side, and whether is not just a winter maintenance thing, but it affects us every day of the year. So we are looking at this as an opportunity to expand the scope of MDSS to support other types of weather related decision making by public agencies and we call this expanded effort maintenance and operations decision support system which I will talk it a bit about in a minute. Just to talk back on the road shows, this map shows where Ray has visited so far in promoting MDSS. These are the state DOT or at various symposiums. Actually had this very minute he might be in Wisconsin, I think. So hopefully if you are any state in DOT is interested in having a great come visit you to provide -- he has two different versions of the road show. One is targeted for upper management and another is a three hour workshop session where you can sit down and work with people in a cross or at other levels within an agency to describe MDSS in more detail. If you would like for him to come out into this road show for you, please contact me or Ray directly. Just a little bit more about MODSS, the idea again, as I mentioned before, is to build upon the core capabilities of the base decision support system and to leverage what we have learned and the weather processing and other elements that are part of MDSS and expand it to support other parts of decision making. Because we designed MDSS as a modular system, it is easy then to add in other types of models for other types of decision making. For example, summer madness. Those decisions beyond whether control like striping and cracked ceiling and overlays and that type of thing. Traffic management and ultimately things like construction although we don't have any current efforts to export construction but we must see that as another opportunity down the road. The first step in the MODSS development is to do the same as it did with the winter may sense support system. We are expanding our stakeholder groups and we have held workshops, to workshops where we brought in people from various states across the country, first for one and a half days to talk about minutes and then for another day and half to talk about traffic management. And this map shows which states participated in does workshops. So we have people doing this work to turn those requirements into concepts of operations and we will share that as work gets completed. Okay. That is not going to be my segue into introducing our third speaker, Dr. Roemer Alfelor to will be speaking about whether -- weather response transportation management. Roemer has 16 work of art of experience in transportation and has been with the Federal Highway administration. He is currently managing a variety of research department projects for whether management and lead to the weather response management area. This is all within the road whether management team. So Roemer is one of my team members, a very valuable timber. He menaced the data integration program in FHWA Office of Management. He worked for three consulting firms and holds an MS in transportation from MIT and a Ph.D. in civil engineering from Carnegie Mellon University. So with that I will turn it over to Roemer to talk about whether response and transportation management. Thank you very much, Paul. Good afternoon or good morning were you may be. As Paul mentioned, I will talk about weather responsive transportation management which is one of the focus areas in the Federal Highway Administration Road weather management program. Earlier Paul gave an overview of road whether management program and federal highway administration. Just to emphasize some of the goals of that program, our main program polls are really to get a better understanding of the impacts of weather on Highway operation. And we will use that information to develop, promote, and implement a variety of strategies and tools that can help agencies mitigate those impacts. Now we all know that weather affects the highway system, and this slide shows and why Federal Highway Administration is concerned about road whether management and why it is important that we understand and manage the impacts of weather on the highway system. Weather affects safety, mobility, productivity and environment. Approximately 1.57 million crashes per year are attributed to weather. About 25% of nonrecurring delays on the freeways are due to weather. Resulting in a total system delay of about 1 billion hours per year. Also NOAA estimates about one-third of the national gross domestic product is affected. However agencies spend billions of dollars every year in applying chemicals for anti-icing and de-icing during the winter season. If we can reduce the amount of chemicals that are used during winter season them we can protect the environment because these chemicals can be harmful to the environment. As Paul mentioned earlier, the road weather management program at Federal Highway is made up of a number of elements. First, fostering a partnership and collaboration with other agencies. Second, developing and deploying tools and technologies. That is a research component or elements. The third is, providing customer service, training and outreach. And the fourth is, developing and evaluating but the effectiveness of our program. As Paul mentioned, the bulk of our program is the development of tools and technologies. There are three major categories of tools and technologies that we are focusing on in our program. And Paul already mentioned tools and technologies including maintenance decision support which includes MDSS as Pat Kennedy talked about. And then Clarus which Ralph Patterson talked about and then the third is road whether management which is the topic of my presentation. The goals of whether responsive transportation management are simply to develop strategies and tools that can help agencies manage traffic and highway operations during inclement weather. That is fairly straightforward. The types of the strategies that agencies can use for weather responsive transportation management includes advisory strategies which are those that can inform or warn motorists about weather conditions that affect their travel. There are also control strategies that regulate or optimize the flow of traffic during inclement weather. And finally there are treatment strategies that apply resources in order to minimize the impacts of whether or to ensure that the road is unobstructed. We have identified a number of measures that be are going to use in order to gauge the success of our weather responsive initiative. We know we are successful if transportation agencies use both current and forecast weather conditions to manage their operations. Also, currently whether it packs are not incorporated in traffic analysis and engineering models and we intend to turn that around with our program. And although motorists receive weather and traffic information from various sources it is our intent to improve the quality of data that motorists can't respond properly to the prevailing weather and traffic conditions. These are the three major activities. Integration of weather and traffic management and operations centers and critical studies and weather and traffic. I will cover all of these activities. The goals of our weather response initiative are simply to utilize advanced weather and road conditions technologies. These are available today, and then we want to operationalize the use of weather information from those technologies for transportation management. Specifically for methods I described earlier. The intent is for the weather response system to serve as a model across the country. About two and a half years ago in 2004 we entered into an operative agreement with the Missouri Department of Transportation to develop a weather response system. The elements of that project were the direct development of the prototype including the concept of operations which is the basis for the prototype and then the enhancement and operational use of the present system and eventually the statewide and national deployment of the system. Unfortunately, about halfway through the project DOT had to pull out of the agreement because of their priorities and their funding levels change with the new administration. However, we did manage to complete prototype weather response systems. The system can be accessed on the URL access shown here. Nixon Hill was the contractor for Missouri DOT for this project. The prototype system provides both current and forecast information on various weather parameters including precipitation, temperature, dew point, wind speed, etc. It also utilizes the National Weather Service Digital forecast database which provides high-resolution forecast. The prototype system was tested and evaluated for three months and one of the districts in Missouri, district for in Kansas City. I am not going to be able to give you a demo of the system because it would take a long time to do that, but just to give you an idea of what the system does, the prototype system consists of a number of modules. It provides a weather map for various current and forecast weather parameters at the local, statewide, and national level. The system also allows the system to display a series of weather maps for a selected set of whether parameters at the local, statewide or national levels. This module is called the maps show. The activity planner is very useful for planning activities that are influenced by weather. For example, there may be some activities that the agency needs to do but cannot under certain weather conditions. The activity platter would allow them to specify certain whether parameters and the planner will tell them when, what date and what time, those conditions would be met over the next seven days. So if the activity is herbicides bring we know that is affected by temperature and wind speed. So the maintenance staff can enter temperature and wind speed condition during which urban site spraying can be done and the prototype system will tell them when those conditions can be met. So this is a very useful component or module of the system. Then there is a graphics module which shows the results of the activity planner on a chart so that the user can see visually the results. And finally, the radar module displays Doppler radar images four different locations in the United States. Now, as I said earlier, the prototype system was tested and evaluated in the Kansas City district of Missouri, and those who tested the system found it to be useful generally for various operations. Some of their recommendations that were made to enhance the system include longer than seven day weather forecast. Also it was recommended that the system had the ability to track storms as well as additional information on the other whether parameters such as precipitation type and the rate, frost, temperature, et cetera. Most of this information can be obtained from the Environmental Center. And finally the prototype is really an information management system. It is not a decision support system like MDSS. So we are extending the WRS so that it can incorporate groups of factors for traffic management and other types of decision making. And this is where the MODSS comes in. The second activity that we have under the WRTN umbrella is the weather integration in traffic management or transportation management. The goal of this initiative, to gather information about existing weather information practices around the country as well as identify best practices. And based upon that information we will identify the needs and opportunities for whether integration in the TMCs across the country as well as provide data is and tools to a transportation agencies on how they can better integrate their daily operations. And finally we will document and quantify the benefits of weather integration so that the agencies we will the value of weather information in making management decisions. Last year we completed a study where we looked at this work which was done for us by [ indiscernible]. The final report that came out of this study can be found from our web site, the road weather Management Web site. For this study we surveyed 38 centers across the country, and we visited 10 of those centers. We evaluated the centers based upon their levels of integration. We identified five levels of the damages of integration as shown here, operational, physical, a technical, procedural and [ indiscernible ]. The major funding from the study were that most of the centers response to traffic conditions on the highways and not the weather conditions. In other words the TMCs across the country are generally not proactive when it comes to weather. Also, many of the centers use information from the Weather Channel and environmental sensors station data. Sixteen of the TMC receive daily weather information, but only four of those centers integrate weather in their daily operations, and those -- that information is only used for advisory purposes. And we also found that the operations center in Baltimore, Maryland and Salt Lake City, Utah were the most integrated among the centers that we have visited. This map shows the locations of the science -- sites that we visited for this study. The sites in yellow are the ones that we screened and then conducted interviews over the phone. The sites is shown in blue are the ones that we actually visited and conducted and conducted personal interviews with team and staff. Information that we gathered from this survey was used to develop the base line conditions report that I talked about earlier. Information that we obtained from the 10 sites that we interviewed was used as a basis for the best practices part of the study, report. So the general conclusion from that study was that very few of the TMCs have high levels of integration that we define as for whether integration of key TMCs. And there are is a lot of significant opportunities for moving up the ladder in terms of weather integration. Some of the recommendations that came out of that study are shown here which includes building awareness and creating a culture in the TMCs about the value of weather information and also improving the care indication of weather information between headquarters in the field. There is also a need to develop guidelines and self evaluation programs that TMCs can use to identify the needs as well as develop weather integration plans. It was recommended that it be improved since they usually have to do real time decision making and finally it was recommended that the products that are more tailored to TMC needs be developed so that they can use those products for making weather related decisions. We are now currently implementing the third recommendation on this list. We are developing the self evaluation guidelines. We are planning tools for TMCs. This is under contract. We are implementing the other recommendations shown here through our Clarus initiative and the other initiative we have in our program, particularly improving the quality of board weather data and developing weather products. We are working with our partners at the Transportation and weather communities in implementing this recommendations. The other recommendation that was made from this study is to get a better understanding of how weather effects traffic flow and operations which is what the third initiative that I am going to talk about is. It is called empirical studies and weather and traffic flow. The goal of this initiative, basically to get an understanding of how weather effects traffic flow and to identify strategies that can mitigate those impacts. We just recently completed a study conducted with us with Virginia Tech where we conducted a review of work that has been done in this area. We also based on that [ indiscernible ] review created a analysis plan. We implemented the plan [ indiscernible ]. The approach that we use in conducting this study is a lot different and more comprehensive than what we had found in the literature, specifically we did our analysis over a full range of traffic states, both on congested and congested conditions. The prior studies in this area only focus on undigested conditions. We also expanded the number of traffic stream variables that we analyzed. The previous studies were limited to adjust capacity and free flows be. In our study we included speed and traffic density. We also made use of localized weather data which was lacking in previous studies. And finally we investigated if there were any regional differences in the weather impacts. We looked at the data from Baltimore, Minneapolis, and Seattle and determined if there were any differences in the way motorists behave under different weather conditions. The final reports from that study will be available from our web site at very soon, but just to give you an idea of some of the results that came out of the study the results indicated that snow has more impact on the free flow speed and capacity which is consistent with some of the other previous studies. Snow has more impact than rain. You also found that traffic density is affected by weather and that low visibility has a hard impact on the free flow speed and at density compared to free float with grain. --rain. The study also and put -- indicated that general snow causes more variable traffic flow then try and reconditions. And finally in terms of regional distances the study found that precipitations impact in Minneapolis are higher than Baltimore. And we think that the reason for this is that the drivers in Minneapolis they be more use to implement weather so they are more careful in those situations. Our next step for this initiative is to look at some of the human factors associated with driving under inclement weather conditions. We are going to try to look at the impact of weather on traffic flow at the microscopic level looking at driver behavior and routes as well as prior to making the trip. We are also going to look at incorporating this information and updating the traffic prediction models that account for weather events. Now, to conclude, whether responsive management is an important element of the management program, but in order to be successful it requires timely and accurate road weather data and forecasts. It is also requiring institutional changes in the agencies that will be implementing those weather responsive transportation management strategies. The benefits that accrue from integrating weather in the TMC operations cannot be overstated. And finally the decision support capabilities and good analytical models and tools are necessary in order for whether responsive to hesitation amendment to be successful. Before I end my presentation, before we proceed to the question part of the seminar, we have available be NHI [ indiscernible ] principles and tools for road weather. This is a one day course offered online. This course was already delivered in two states last year in South Dakota and New Hampshire and we are in the process of developing a Web based person of the -- version of the course. This will be available sometime in the spring or maybe early summer. We also have updated the road where the resources identification tool which is a database application. It also has materials pertaining to grow whether management. The tool can be downloaded from our web site and we have about 130 so far of version tool of the tool. And finally as Paul mentioned earlier, we are conducting flow charts. I won't talk about that any more than Paul has said earlier. That concludes my presentation. Thank you for your time and attention and this is my contact information. Thanks, Robert. All right. I think what really spelled out what we are aiming to achieve with respect to whether response management and you can see the challenges ahead. You saw 15 years ago the [ indiscernible ] committed the change from reactive to practice by using WRIS and we see the same opportunity with the traffic management committee. That is a bit of a chicken and egg talents that we have right now, but understanding how they can be used is important before you can develop the right tools and we are still wrestling with what the best strategy that is deployable is. Before I get into the questions, I wanted to mention a couple of other things. We have a national symposium on surface transportation weather that is being planned for the week of June 17th -- 19th here in the Washington D.C. area. So look for more information on that if you want to talk about all of these things at that time. At that time also we are currently in the process of planning for our next MDSS and WRIS stake holder meetings. Last one we had was back to back here in Washington last fall or late summer. We intended to combine them again in have the two together. Some are in the Midwest we will be thinking of Chicago or Kansas City and then we intend to cover travel expenses for one person for states DOT. If you are already on a mine MDSS and Clarus contact list you will get information. If you are not just let me know and I will include you would be made that decision and set up information. Let's get to the questions. Moving to the top of the list, John asks, please expand on the objective of identify performance minute measures for road whether management. Both federal highway and NOAA have a strategic goal is to improving safety with regards to transportation. They certainly care about how traffic moves and certainly the federal highway does as well. We are looking at identifying what is the best measures are when it comes to weather and road weather management. It is both done from the output and the outcome perspective. Obviously we would like to be able to show we are saving lives, but recognize as well that it is a very difficult challenge to link a crash that did not happen to providing better road weather information. So we are looking at what might be appropriate and outputs that help to provide more timely and accurate information within the expectation that that would be traced to a reduction in crashes. We have a project going on right now with [ indiscernible ] to better define those output and out comes. Roemer is managing the project. Do you have anything you want to add? Yes, basically the goals of the projects that we have under contract is to identify performance measures that we can use to evaluate and engage the success of our road weather management products and the initiatives. So under the Section 5C08 of the [ indiscernible ] we are required to provide the measures of success or the products that we develop and deploy as part of the program. So we are looking at some of the measures that are being used elsewhere. Maybe we can adopt some of those measures if they are applicable to our program. Thank you. Okay. We had another question from the David. Please discuss utilizing transit vehicles as local weather probes and if they should be interconnected to Traffic Operations. There are two things that are happening in this area. Certainly we look at the vehicle as a source of weather and road condition data, a critical element to road weather management. We know that we cannot afford to put a sensor on every mile of roadway. So we know we need to look at vehicles as sources of data. One activity where we are considering this is in the vehicle infrastructure initiative which is building a communications network to pull data dedicated to a wrench communications from vehicles and we are going to work with the VII community to see what road whether they can be obtained through VII. At the same time we understand that a lot of public agencies are outfitting their vehicles with sensors and using other communications mechanisms to transmit data. We have not done anything with the [ indiscernible ] but have with the state DOT. Minnesota DOT is one state that also has GPS and other sensors they are putting on their files. That the ticket as to a server in the state. And part of the Clarus proof of concept activity we showed that we could pull that data from the Minnesota server as well. So a lot of that has to do with the accessibility of the data at the source. So we certainly could utilize transit as a feed into these systems if that did it is made available through a server. I think I just answered this question. We look at this as one of two ways. One is through the VII network or the other is through the estate or public agencies posting data on a server that can be accessed through the Clarus system and can then be brought in that way. Let's see, next question. This will be available on the upside. Mark, is it possible to get access to the benefit study? I saw that Ed answered that question further down. Thank you for answering that and that is available. Mike asked, why does it seem that all federal funded activities are occurring in the western states? What about Florida and other Southeastern states to evaluate the ability? Mike, we would love to get more engaged with the Southeastern states. We know that they are making investments and are utilizing some of these systems for better practices. In fact on our best practices worksite be have a number of case studies from the southeast. In terms of -- where we have gone and where we have been and where we are going, yes, we started with winter maintenance because that is where we had a very mature community in terms of using road weather information and it was a place to build upon, but we certainly don't consider ourselves to be limited to winter weather. I think that also came out in our discussions about MODSS and expanding MDSS to other types of decision support. We know that the Florida project has the other element to it and look to learn to that. But any opportunity to get more engaged with the Southeast would be appreciated. The opportunities would be through things like the Clarus regional demonstrations and steps. That answers the other question. This is getting back to the point about transit. Could you comment on types of QC that are performed by regional test? On this I will refer to Ralph and I can speak a little bit about Clarus. Yes, our's are pretty basic. We do a climate, what we expect the climate's norms to be in that particular location. We do one that is persistence meaning that if we have the same reading over a period of time, that is always a red flag, especially a 24 hour period. Then we have a center range that we use. If we are getting a relative humidity of 110% we know that is not correct. So those are the three basic ones that we use. There are some more complicated ones that you can use, but they don't seem to work and are complex. Right. When we did the concept of operations and system design for Clarus be identified, if I remember correctly, 14 different quality checks that we wanted the system to perform. We ended up coding up, I think, eight of those. All of those our documented in the Clarus system design and documentation which can be found on the Clarus initiative website which includes a lot of the same types of things Ralph was talking about, system test, a general tax at the centers themselves and the nearest neighbor type of approach which is, I think, what Ralph was alluding to on some of the challenges and complex terrain. Building upon a lot of the quality checking that has been done with other atmospheric and road weather data. We also have a project plan to to build out the quality checking algorithms contained within Clarus based on a task force we have through the Clarus initiative coordinating committee. And so you should be seen more of that developed over the next year or so. What factors led Denver City County to use the prototype MDSS rather than the [ indiscernible ]? Pat, I will defer to you. Okay. Certainly the slight against Meridian or anything. After we had been in contact with with and car we have the ability to test drive the MDSS system in a winter prior to our entering into contract with them. We liked the way the system worked. The user interface, the data that we got out of it, it was just something that fit our needs. So we went through a sole source contracting process with the city which the city attorney's did not like, but it certainly fit our needs. Other factors, it is local. Boulder is just a half-hour up the road. The staff availability is there. It is easy to work with and other intangibles, just working with the staff. No sleight of meridian. I know none of the people who work there, but the staff there is easy to work with and week felt that theirs is a system that works for us and all the other pieces fell into place. Thank you. I believe Bill answered this. I won't go into that one, but I would like to just mention that Albert is working with Austria to develop and deploy MDSS there which we are really excited to see. What to keep up with that to [ indiscernible ]. Lee asks, Pat Kennedy, it's that their forecasts were extremely accurate. Pat, can you answer that? For us, over the course of the winter and I don't know the exact count of the number of the events, but for us critical components are the start time and what effects -- what will transpire during the course of an event. With the exception of one hard to even as their predictions of start-ups are within an hour or two and that is well within our criteria for the plane crews. We are getting the workers out at the right time and then looking at the predictive data whether or road conditions over the course of the event. Things like if there will be a pulse of moisture coming through or a little hole in the storm or what the winds will do and how that will be fact dripping. All these criteria, if they said the wind will shift at a certain time, they were shifting at around that time. So during the course of the events when we look at what they predicted that is what was happening. So we were comfortable that the dates that they are providing ask -- their crystal ball works rarely get. That is where we get into that extremely accurate. We want to move on quickly since there are questions that we are moving out of time. These weather systems being developed in conformance with NTCIP requirements? There is one standard in particular which is the data up six definitions from the roadside to its center for road weather information systems and a [ indiscernible ] Center stations. And clearly it is going to be dependent upon the states to deploy those whether they use that. As they use the systems they are using the standard. Clarus this data from the server. They do not get the data directly from the centers. So we access the server and it will be server to server information. We have defined the data elements as extensions of the roadside to set the standard. So we utilize -- although it is not officially part of the sweep, but we utilize the same data structure. I guess the answer to that is, yes, in part. Bob Pinto, for the TMC weather integration Project what would characterize the high level of integration, and I will refer to Roemer to answer that question? A high level of institutional integration is characterized by a high level of support from the agency -- within the agency for using weather information to make traffic management decisions. Basically that is what it is all about. Also be characterized a high level of institutional integration. If there is a lot of coordination among the different units within the agency's, TSE's end users. That is as well as the availability of training within the agencies on how to use the weather for making operations decisions. Okay. What traffic models are being used? To the models individual driver behavior are are these models macro scale? They are microscopic models. They look over all traffic flow parameters or a general traffic flow parameters such as speed and capacity, density. What we are doing is in the next phase of this study will look at more microscopic levels, response to weather events. Thank you. Okay. Another question, when combining weather and traffic modeling systems, have you been able to find useful goal seeking algorithms? No, I don't think we used any of those algorithms for this study. Not yet, but I think that the whole prospect of coupling weather and traffic models is something that we do plan on pursuing in more detail. Yes. Has there been any successful examples of privatized WRIS and whether supply data? We have not done any specific studies ourselves all I know that some states have tried this. I feel uncomfortable saying any more about them at this time. Although I guess, Ralph, if you have any sense from the state DOT perspective on this, any comments, we would be happy to hear those. Well, it seems like the states that have larger, let's call it, weather salience seem to do their own WRIS sites, but there are some success stories from some states who don't have the resources to do that to have the private sector go ahead and manage not only the stations, but the data as well. Do you have any references of hand on that, Ralph? Can you talk to that? I know one of the Southwest states. I cannot remember which one it is. I am assuming it was Arizona, but I am not sure. Darryl might be out there, but I think that is to was doing that right now. I know Darryl had registered, but he was unable to attend today. So he is not on the line right now. We may have some references in the resources identification tool. I don't know of the top of my head, but that is something you could look to see it if there is something there. Let's see. Robert, is there work to use intensity data for warning of flooding? Yes. There is a couple of examples. The Federal Highway management sites [ indiscernible ]. Thank you, Lynette. Let's see. Chris has further information in response to Bob on the definition of institutional integration. Thank you, Chris. Chris is the PI for that project. In Houston we found that there are extreme production models and very little on local roads. Is there a model that interest the two? I have not seen anything that exists on that level. That is not to say it does not exist, but I think a lot of the flat model during systems are more on measuring current conditions. I'm not sure how much they actually do in terms of modeling to predict when flooding will occur. It is just more that it is happening or is about to happen. Has there been any study of linking road weather system with existing ground hard traffic systems? Can this be done effectively? I thought -- I thought that we had done some studies on this. There maybe some systems out there that use cameras to gather visibility information? Right. And the cameras will be used for traffic monitoring. Right. And then Mark asks, are there examples being modeled as an internal application? The MDSS to play development strategy was to make it available to anyone, whether you are a public or private sector agency. It was not shrink wrapped up, plug and play software, but is a core module and core capability. Most states -- I know some states have downloaded and looked at the software. I think the -- what it takes to actually run it is considered to be more than what a state would want to do on its own. So they find that the more attractive approach is to outsource that work. That is how we have seen it deployed but not to say that it cannot be done in house. The state to have used it have felt better off outsourcing. In the province of Alberta has the been any successful examples of privatized -- yes, that is something that would be worth looking for if we have not actually captured that. Maybe I will ask Lynette really quickly. Do you know offhand if we have captured any studies. She could type in whether we have any reports from Alberta or if Mark is aware of any reports from Alberta. Could we be selected for a steady in Houston? We don't have any RFPs in the state to do anything in Houston right now, but certainly we would not put that out of the from the possibility. Thank you for answering we do not have any of the reports. That looks like that is it. Mark is not aware of any specific supports either but maybe there are people in Alberta you can contact. Again, I want to thank our speakers for their time and as well, all of you who are still on line for your time in participating in this web conference. I hope you found it useful and again feel free to contact me or any of the speakers if you have any other questions. For closing I turn it back. I see the attrition rate is growing by the minute. I will make this quick. On the slide here I will turn to the slide. This is the group that is actually running the talking operation seminars. Then we have the web site where we have a list of upcoming webcasts where you can click on links to register for those. And there are discussion forums that you can participate in. We also have an extensive set of resources such as the in talk newsletter and some shared calendars that you can access. All right. Thank you very much for your participation and have a good rest of your day. (end)